вторник, 28 юни 2022 г.

The most well- known of several Agnolo Bronzino and bottega depictions of Dante is the lunette at the Uffizi

 Iliyana Benina, Nikola Benin



The most well- known of several Agnolo Bronzino and bottega  depictions of Dante is the lunette at the Uffizi, oft-posted on TRE,

In 1532, Bronzino (1503-1572) was commissioned to paint the allegorical portraits of the \"Three Crowns\" Dante, Petrarch and Boccaccio. However, we don’t know what happened to the other two works.

Apart from the Uffizi lunette version of Dante, there is a version at the NGA DC which seems to be a copy by a follower of Bronzino and a version in a private collection in Firenze. These versions are said to date from around 1532. 

In these versions, we see Dante,il Sommo Poeta, his hand holding one of the books of his Divina Commedia (see below), and his head in dramatic torsione, looking back toward the garden of Eden and the purification of the soul (comments from the Uffizi website) 

There is yet another version, this also in a private Florentine collection, that is much less well known, which is the one you see here in this post. 

It is undated beyond “late sixteenth century.”

To compare dating, 1532 was obviously not late sixteenth century, so evidently this work is later than the Uffizi and NGA DC works and the private collection version, all of which are said to have been crafted around 1532.

This later version is my preferred of all of them, mostly because of the trenchant statement Bronzino makes by spotlighting Dante Alighieri in tenebroso. 

That black background, to me, is the abyss, one of the deeper levels of the Inferno down which goes our Sommo Poeta. 

However, that stark, black background, paradoxically and ambiguously, could also be the entryway to the Empyrean.

Why?

Because Dante is not holding the first book of the Commedia, _L’Inferno_, but rather, the third book of the Trilogy, _il Paradiso_, which is opened to the first forty-eight lines of Canto XXV, beginning with the phrase “Se mai continga..."

“If it should happen...”

So what is in that abyss ? 

Hell or Heaven ? 

Darkness or Light? 

Who is his guide here: Virgil or Beatrice ?

Life is Manichean..... 

Yet always, for me, at the center, and at the end, 

there is Love....

Here are the XXV Canto’s first lines:

Se mai continga che ’l poema sacro

al quale ha posto mano e cielo e terra,

sì che m'ha fatto per molti anni macro, 

vinca la crudeltà che fuor mi serra

del bello ovile ov’io dormi’ agnello,

nimico ai lupi che li danno guerra; 

con altra voce omai, con altro vello

ritornerò poeta, e in sul fonte 

del mio battesmo prenderò ’l cappello ....

If it should happen that this sacred poem, 

this work so shared by heaven and by earth

that it has made me lean through 

these long years—

can ever overcome the cruelty 

that bars me from the fair fold where I slept,

a lamb opposed to wolves that war on it, 

by then with other voice, with other fleece,

I will return as poet and put on,

at my baptismal font, the laurel crown . . .

(Paradiso 25.1-9)

Allegorical Portrait of Dante Alighieri

Agnolo di Cosimo del Bronzino (1503-1572)

c.1570

oil on canvas

130 cm (51.1 in) x 136 cm (53.5 in)

Collezione Privata 

Firenze


неделя, 26 юни 2022 г.

Хилядолетна есхатологична обсесия от АДОЛФ ХИТЛЕР [1889-1945] Възраждане на Свещената Римско-германска империя и нейната символика (Millennium eschatological obsesión from ADOLF HITLER [1889-1945] Reviving the Holy Roman-German Empire and its symbology)

  • Juana Maria Arcelus-Ulibarrena

 Превод: Никола Бенин


If it was called the Third Reich, what is the First Reich, what is the Second Reich? Millennial eschatological obsession of Adolf Hitler [1889-1945] Reviving the Holy Roman Empire and its Propaganda-symbology. From the beginning and in almost all of Adolf Hitler's speeches [1889-1945] the following expression was continually repeated: "The Thousand Year Reich". For example, on September 1, 1933, the German leader Adolf Hitler addressed his people saying that his legacy would endure over time and that it would be a Tausendjähriges Reich [or Thousand Year Reich]. In this way he showed that he was reviving the "Holy Roman Empire" and its Symbology-Propaganda. Six years later, Minister Goebbels qualified this speech and changed the initial term to Greater German Reich because the Führer had a kind of obsession with this idea. And although it may seem paranoid [that he was] this passion for the Thousand Years matured and he knew that it was a German heritage whose roots went back to the Middle Ages and more precisely to the time when the Calabrian abbot Joachim of Fiore [1130-1202] distinguished Three Stages in the History of Humanity [on a historical, not theological level]: the Age of the Father [belonging to the Old Testament], the Age of the Son [that is, the New Testament] and the Age of the Holy Spirit in which a "New Emperor" would appear who would reign for a total of a thousand years and would inaugurate a Third Empire that would be linked to the coming of the son of God and the Kingdom of Christ on bla Earth. In the 13th century, Emperor Frederick II [1194-1250] was indicated as the designated Emperor for this Third Stage, but this was not the case. Other candidates arose even in Modern times. But it was in the 20th century that German enlighteners and thinkers like Friedrich Hegel conceived that this "Old Kingdom" had arrived with the Age of Reason. It was then that Arthur Moeller van den Bruck [1876-1925] coined the expression Das Dritte Reich [The Third Reich] in 1923. He believed that the "Holy Roman Empire" was the First Reich; that the one created by Bismarck was the Second Reich; and that the Third was yet to come. Adolf Hitler had only to accept this idea as his own and propagandistically proclaim that his Government was nothing more or less the embodiment of the Third Empire [Reich] and that it would be a glorious stage that would last a thousand years. Cf. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344874691_JOACHIM_OF_FIORE_Millennial_hope_and_the_New_World_trajectory_of_a_utopia_La_esperanza_milenaria_de_Joaquin_de_Fiore_y_el_Nuevo_Mundo_trayectoria_de_una_utopia https://www.researchgate.net/publication/347466989_ABSTRACT_H_LEE-_M_REEVES-_GSILANO_Western_Mediterranean_Prophecy_The_School_of_Joachim_of_Fiore_and_the_Fourteenth_Century_Breviloquium_Toronto_1989.

Ако се наричаше Трети Райх, какво е Първият Райх, какво е Вторият Райх? Хилядолетна есхатологична обсесия на Адолф Хитлер [1889-1945] Възраждане на Свещената Римска империя и нейната пропагандна символика. От самото начало и в почти всички речи на Адолф Хитлер [1889-1945] непрекъснато се повтаряше следният израз: „Хилядогодишният райх“. Например, на 1 септември 1933 г. германският лидер Адолф Хитлер се обърна към народа си, като каза, че наследството му ще продължи с времето и че това ще бъде Tausendjähriges Reich [или хилядолетния райх]. По този начин той показа, че възражда „Свещената Римска империя” и нейната символика-пропаганда. Шест години по-късно министър Гьобелс редактира тази реч и промени първоначалния термин на Великия германски райх, тъй като фюрерът имаше някаква мания по тази идея. И въпреки че може да изглежда параноично [че той беше] тази страст към Хиляда години назря и той знаеше, че това е германско наследство, чиито корени се връщат към Средновековието и по-точно във времето, когато калабрийският абат Йоахим от Фиоре [1130 г. -1202 г.] разграничи три етапа в историята на човечеството [на историческо, а не теологично ниво]: епохата на Отца [принадлежаща на Стария завет], епохата на Сина [тоест Новия завет] и епохата на Светия Дух, в който ще се появи „Нов император“, който ще царува общо хиляда години и ще открие Трета империя, която ще бъде свързана с идването на Божия син и Царството на Христос на Земята. През 13-ти век император Фридрих II [1194-1250] е посочен като определен император за този трети етап, но това не е така. Други кандидати се появиха дори в Новото време. Но именно през 20-ти век немски просветители и мислители като Фридрих Хегел смятат, че това „Старо царство“ е пристигнало с епохата на разума. Тогава Артър Мьолер ван ден Брук [1876-1925] измисля израза Das Dritte Reich [Третият райх] през 1923 г. Той вярва, че „Свещената Римска империя“ е Първият райх; че създаденият от Бисмарк е Вторият райх; и че Третото тепърва предстои. Адолф Хитлер трябваше само да приеме тази идея като своя и пропагандно да обяви, че неговото правителство не е нищо повече или по-малко въплъщение на Третата империя [Райх] и че това ще бъде славен етап, който ще продължи хиляда години.

 Вж. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344874691_JOACHIM_OF_FIORE_Millennial_hope_and_the_New_World_trajectory_of_a_utopia_La_esperanza_milenaria_de_Joaquin_de_Fiore_y_el_Nuevo_Mundo_trayectoria_de_una_utopia https://www.researchgate.net/publication/347466989_ABSTRACT_H_LEE-_M_REEVES-_GSILANO_Western_Mediterranean_Prophecy_The_School_of_Joachim_of_Fiore_and_the_Fourteenth_Century_Breviloquium_Toronto_1989

събота, 25 юни 2022 г.

ГОДИШНА КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ НА ENVFORUM ЗА 2022 Г. ОТНОСНО ЦИРКУЛАЦИЯТА НА МСП (ENVFORUM ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2022 ON SMES GOING CIRCULAR)

 Iliyana Benina Ph.D, Nikola Benin Ph.D


The Asia-Europe Environment Forum (ENVforum) “SMEs Going Circular: Decarbonisation of Food Supply Systems” is a 2-day, online international conference aiming to boost the exchange of ideas and solutions on the decarbonisation of the agri-food industry.

As the transition to a circular economy centred on Net-Zero can only be achieved by scaling up collaboration and partnerships among stakeholders involved in the SMEs ecosystem, the conference offers a platform to empower  participants to identify challenges, exchange best practices, and brainstorm solutions towards an effective decarbonisation of food supply chains. This is key to stimulate progress towards achieving a sustainable future.

The programme consists of panel discussionsbusiness case studies, and two thematic streams. The latter will focus on:

  1. Stream on Circular Transition: SMEs Decarbonisation Enablers.
  2. Stream on SMEs Decarbonisation Pathways: Innovation for a Cleaner Supply Chain.

The conference objectives are:

  • To contribute to a better understanding of SMEs’ needs regarding circular food systems and explore enabling conditions.
  • To support multi-stakeholder, regional and international dialogues on circular agri-food production among ASEM stakeholders with a focus on agri-food SMEs.
  • To provide a platform for creative solutions via facilitated dialogue and networking.
  • Азиатско-европейският форум за околна среда (ENVforum) „МСП се развиват в кръг: декарбонизация на системите за снабдяване с храни“ е 2-дневна онлайн международна конференция, целяща да насърчи обмена на идеи и решения  относно декарбонизацията на селскостопанската хранително-вкусова промишленост .
  • Тъй като преходът към  кръгова икономика, съсредоточен върху Net-Zero, може да бъде постигнат само чрез разширяване на сътрудничеството и партньорствата между заинтересованите страни, участващи в екосистемата на МСП, конференцията предлага платформа за овластяване на  участниците да идентифицират предизвикателства, да обменят най-добри практики и да намерят решения за ефективна декарбонизация на веригите за доставка на храни. Това е от ключово значение за стимулиране на напредъка към постигане на устойчиво бъдеще.

    Програмата се състои от панелни дискусии , бизнес казуси и два тематични потока . Последният ще се фокусира върху:

    1. Поток за кръгов преход : средства за декарбонизация на МСП.
    2. Поток за Пътища за декарбонизация на МСП : Иновации за по-чиста верига на доставки.

    Целите на конференцията са:

    • Да допринесе за по-доброто разбиране на нуждите на МСП по отношение на кръговите хранителни системи и да проучи благоприятните условия.
    • Подкрепа на много заинтересовани, регионални и международни диалози относно кръговото производство на селскостопански храни между заинтересованите страни на ASEM с акцент върху МСП в селскостопански храни.
    • Да осигури платформа за творчески решения чрез улеснен диалог и работа в мрежа.

петък, 24 юни 2022 г.

Историческо събитие: Българският парламент одобри френското предложение за Северна Македония

 Илияна Бенина, Никола Бенин

НС окончателно одобри т.нар. френско предложение за начало на преговорите за присъединяване на Северна Македония към ЕС. Това стана по силата на проекторешение, внесено от Христо Иванов.


Народното събрание окончателно одобри предложението на френското европредседателство за започване на преговори за присъединяване на Северна Македония към ЕС. Това стана по силата на проекторешение, внесено от съпредседателя на "Демократична България" (ДБ) Христо Иванов, в което е записано, че България ще подкрепи която и да е стъпка от процеса на европейската интеграция на РСМ при прецизиране на преговорната рамка така, че да се гарантира вписването на българите в македонската конституция "там, където са споменати други народи и на равна основа с тези народи".

Кой как гласува

След дебат, продължил повече от четири часа, решението беше прието с гласовете на "Продължаваме промяната", "Демократична България", ГЕРБ и ДПС. Мнозинството депутати от БСП се въздържаха, а "Има такъв народ" и "Възраждане" гласуваха против. Българското вето върху началото на преговорите за присъединяване на Северна Македония към ЕС бе наложено по време на управлението на ГЕРБ.

В парламентарната комисия по външна политика бяха внесени три конкурентни резолюции. Комисията отхвърли предложенията на ГЕРБ и ДПС, но одобри проекторешението на "Демократична България", като преди това изслуша и доклад на Министерството на външните работи. В същото време т.нар. френско предложение за компромис между София и Скопие предизвика напрежение в Северна Македония, а премиерът Ковачевски дори го отхвърли.

"България не вдига ветото"

По време на днешния дебат в пленарна зала привържениците на отмяната на ветото - "Продължаваме промяната", "Демократична България", ГЕРБ и ДПС, повториха, че това е най-доброто предложение, което България би могла да получи - и подчертаха, че европейското бъдеще на страните от Западните Балкани трябва да бъде приоритет за България. А съпредседателят на "Демократична България" Христо Иванов заяви: "България не вдига ветото, а подсилва силата му. Оттук нататък във всеки един момент, в който Северна Македония не изпълнява своите задължения, силата на тези изисквания ще се налага от цялото европейско семейство, не само от България. Ако не променят конституцията си, няма да видят преговори. Това еднозначно се разбира от френското предложение".

M. Williams, Film Stardom and the Ancient Past: Bibliography

 Ilijana Benina, Nikola Benin



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"Terres cuites architecturales, peintures et mosaïques aux V e et IV e siècles" by Marie-Françoise Billot

 Publication: Ilijana Benina, Nikola Benin




The girls of Avignon, 1907. Pablo Picasso

 Ilijana Benina, Nikola Benin




Plate and Fruit Dish, 1908, Georges Braque

 Ilijana Benina, Nikola Benin




Пирин на Еньовден

 Илияна Бенина, Никола Бенин




Temple of Hercules - Amman

 Iliyana Benina, Nikola Benin





Константин Икономов - стихотворения за Еньовден

 


1.
Бурите целуват добрата стара земя
малко грубичко чрез мощните си
гръмотевични тласъци върху
разцъфтелия тучен килим.
Светкавиците оставят следите си
по плътта на земята напръхнала
и в очакване на Еньовден опитват
от всичките изкушения на късната
пролет.
2.
Знам неизвестно, тайнствено място,
с координати нарочно объркани,
с дъбове иглолистни обраснало
и с цветя от лунни сенки изпъстрени.
Ходя там през нощта на Еньовден,
в полумрака стъпвам на пръсти
от зова на самодивите воден,
но само едно цветенце откъсвам.
Цяла година над него треперя -
пътя натам дали пак ще намеря?
3.
Изгубиш ли на планината контура
или дантелата на морския прилив,
колкото и в котлето си да дотуряш
старите спомени и мъдрите мисли,
елексирът вълшебен не ще се получи
без тайнствената билка горчива.
Най-много в тресавището да се забучиш,
търсейки я сред подмолите криви.
Но на Еньовден разцъфтява в омарата
и те примамва да я откъснеш със вяра.
4.
Закърняха ми божествените рецептори,
не следя вече фазите на Луната.
Забравям направлението на векторите,
по които Бог наблюдава Земята.
Не помня кога се пада Еньовден
и денят за солидарност с различните.
Не чета на неграмотници спомените
и не разбирам на облаците поличбите.
Но вечер зад тухлите на стената
слушам как дишат нежно децата.
5.
Летим ли далеко на север,
в чаровната нощ на Еньовден,
от мрака навлизаме в сферите
на светлия свят неизброден.
Денят там е скучна история,
щом нощта без умора сияе
в митичната добра траектория,
блестяща, докато слънцето грее.
Щастливи сме, че има оцелели
земи, където нощите са бели.

неделя, 19 юни 2022 г.

Русе - стара снимка

Илияна Бенина, Никола Бенин




Улица "Александровска" в Русе - стара снимка

 Илияна Бенина, Никола Бенин




Часовниковата кула в Русе - стара снимка

 Илияна Бенина, Никола Бенин




събота, 18 юни 2022 г.

Why did Tutankhaten change his name to Tutankhamun? (Защо Тутанкатон промени името си на Тутанкамон?)

 Илияна Бенина, Никола Бенин



























































Оn the time that Tutankhamum got here to power there has been a spiritual schism taking vicinity in Egypt.
On one side have been the mother and father of the young Tut, Akhenaten and Bekhetaten, who have been adherents of the new monotheistic faith which i have argued become honestly an Egyptianized model of the Abrahamic worship of Adonai/Elohim called Atenism.
On the alternative aspect were the displaced priests of Amun, championed by using Horemheb, the destiny King of Egypt after the deaths of Smenkhare, Tut, and Ay.
Tut become a sickly younger man with a club foot and greenback tooth who wanted approval from a male figure and the affection of his half sister, Ankhensenamun. It turned into possibly thru their impact that he changed into persuaded to desert his father’s monotheistic religion and return power to the priesthood of Amun. And converting his call changed into a clean indication to the people of Egypt that he had abandoned his circle of relatives’s faith of Atenism. It additionally appears to have resulted in a instead grisly death for his mother Bekhetaten.

По времето, когато Тутанкам дойде тук на власт, в Египет, е настъпила духовна схизма. От едната страна, бяха майката и бащата на младите Тут, Ехнатон и Бехетатон, които бяха привърженици на новата монотеистична вяра, станала египетски модел на авраамското поклонение на Адонай/Елохим, наречен Атенизъм. В алтернативния аспект бяха изселените жреци на Амон, подкрепяни с помощта на Хоремхеб, фараон на Египет след смъртта на Сменхаре, Тут и Ай. Тут е болнав по-млад мъж с косостъпно стъпало и зелени зъби, който търсеше подкрепа в обичта на полусестра си Анхенсенамун. Вероятно благодарение на нейното въздействие той се убеди да напусне монотеистичната религия на баща си и да върне властта на свещеничеството на Амон. И преобразуването на призива му се превърна в чиста индикация за народа на Египет, че той е изоставил кръга си от вярата на роднините си в атенизма. Освен това изглежда е довело до ужасна смърт на майка му Бехетатен.